Losses in Nozzles

The actual discharge from nozzles will vary from 90% to 95% of the theoretical discharge.

(Eq. 3.D.1) Q=19.636·C·d12·h

Where:

  • Q = Flow rate in gallons per minute
  • d1 = Nozzle Diameter in inches
  • h = Head in feet
  • C = Discharge Coefficient = 1

Theoretical Discharge of Nozzles in Gallons per Minute

Tbl. 3.D.1

For hydraulic sluicing the following pressures at base of nozzles are recommended:

Light fine material and loose sandy soil: 50 to 75 psig

Stiff loam overburden: 100 to 125 psig

Hard clay: 150 to 200 psig

The following amounts of water are recommended to move 1 cubic foot:

Heavy sand: 20 cubic feet of water

Average quarry overburden: 8 to 10 cubic feet of water

For sprinkling golf courses it is reasonably safe to figure 10 gallons per minute for each Green with 35 PSIA at hose valve outlet and 25 gallons per minute for each Fairway with 35 PSIA at hose valve outlet. The standard conditions are 100 feet of ¾ inch hose for greens sprinklers and 100 feet of 1 inch hose for fairway sprinklers. Use gate valves with a hose nipple at all outlets instead of the customary hose faucets on account of the friction loss in the hose faucets.

Last updated on July 19th, 2024